A Game of Thrones Chapter Sixty-seven

Sansa In the tower room at the heart of Maegor's Holdfast, Sansa gave herself to the darkness. She drew the curtains around her bed, slept, woke weeping, and slept again. When she could not sleep she lay under her blankets shivering with grief. Servants came and went, bringing meals, but the sight of food was more than she could bear. The dishes piled up on the table beneath her window, untouched and spoiling, until the servants took them away again. Sometimes her sleep was leaden and dreamless, and she woke from it more tired than when she had closed her eyes. Yet those were the best times, for when she dreamed, she dreamed of Father. Waking or sleeping, she saw him, saw the gold cloaks fling him down, saw Ser Ilyn striding forward, unsheathing Ice from the scabbard on his back, saw the moment . . . the moment when . . . she had wanted to look away, she had wanted to, her legs had gone out from under her and she had fallen to her knees, yet somehow she could not turn her head, and all the people were screaming and shouting, and her prince had smiled at her, he'd smiled and she'd felt safe, but only for a heartbeat, until he said those words, and her father's legs . . . that was what she remembered, his legs, the way they'd jerked when Ser Ilyn . . . when the sword . . . Perhaps I will die too, she told herself, and the thought did not seem so terrible to her. If she flung herself from the window, she could put an end to her suffering, and in the years to come the singers would write songs of her grief. Her body would lie on the stones below, broken and innocent, shaming all those who had betrayed her. Sansa went so far as to cross the bedchamber and throw open the shutters . . . but then her courage left her, and she ran back to her bed, sobbing. The serving girls tried to talk to her when they brought her meals, but she never answered them. Once Grand Maester Pycelle came with a box of flasks and bottles, to ask if she was ill. He felt her brow, made her undress, and touched her all over while her bedmaid held her down. When he left he gave her a potion of honeywater and herbs and told her to drink a swallow every night. She drank it all right then and went back to sleep. She dreamt of footsteps on the tower stair, an ominous scraping of leather on stone as a man climbed slowly toward her bedchamber, step by step. All she could do was huddle behind her door and listen, trembling, as he came closer and closer. It was Ser Ilyn Payne, she knew, coming for her with Ice in his hand, coming to take her head. There was no place to run, no place to hide, no way to bar the door. Finally the footsteps stopped and she knew he was just outside, standing there silent with his dead eyes and his long pocked face. That was when she realized she was naked. She crouched down, trying to cover herself with her hands, as her door began to swing open, creaking, the point of the greatsword poking through . . . She woke murmuring, â€Å"Please, please, I'll be good, I'll be good, please don't,† but there was no one to hear. When they finally came for her in truth, Sansa never heard their footsteps. It was Joffrey who opened her door, not Ser Ilyn but the boy who had been her prince. She was in bed, curled up tight, her curtains drawn, and she could not have said if it was noon or midnight. The first thing she heard was the slam of the door. Then her bed hangings were yanked back, and she threw up a hand against the sudden light and saw them standing over her. â€Å"You will attend me in court this afternoon,† Joffrey said. â€Å"See that you bathe and dress as befits my betrothed.† Sandor Clegane stood at his shoulder in a plain brown doublet and green mantle, his burned face hideous in the morning light. Behind them were two knights of the Kingsguard in long white satin cloaks. Sansa drew her blanket up to her chin to cover herself. â€Å"No,† she whimpered, â€Å"please . . . leave me be.† â€Å"If you won't rise and dress yourself, my Hound will do it for you,† Joffrey said. â€Å"I beg of you, my prince . . . â€Å" â€Å"I'm king now. Dog, get her out of bed.† Sandor Clegane scooped her up around the waist and lifted her off the featherbed as she struggled feebly. Her blanket fell to the floor. Underneath she had only a thin bedgown to cover her nakedness. â€Å"Do as you're bid, child,† Clegane said. â€Å"Dress.† He pushed her toward her wardrobe, almost gently. Sansa backed away from them. â€Å"I did as the queen asked, I wrote the letters, I wrote what she told me. You promised you'd be merciful. Please, let me go home. I won't do any treason, I'll be good, I swear it, I don't have traitor's blood, I don't. I only want to go home.† Remembering her courtesies, she lowered her head. â€Å"As it please you,† she finished weakly. â€Å"It does not please me,† Joffrey said. â€Å"Mother says I'm still to marry you, so you'll stay here, and you'll obey.† â€Å"I don't want to marry you,† Sansa wailed. â€Å"You chopped off my father's head!† â€Å"He was a traitor. I never promised to spare him, only that I'd be merciful, and I was. If he hadn't been your father, I would have had him torn or flayed, but I gave him a clean death.† Sansa stared at him, seeing him for the first time. He was wearing a padded crimson doublet patterned with lions and a cloth-of-gold cape with a high collar that framed his face. She wondered how she could ever have thought him handsome. His lips were as soft and red as the worms you found after a rain, and his eyes were vain and cruel. â€Å"I hate you,† she whispered. King Joffrey's face hardened. â€Å"My mother tells me that it isn't fitting that a king should strike his wife. Ser Meryn.† The knight was on her before she could think, yanking back her hand as she tried to shield her face and backhanding her across the ear with a gloved fist. Sansa did not remember failing, yet the next she knew she was sprawled on one knee amongst the rushes. Her head was ringing. Ser Meryn Trant stood over her, with blood on the knuckles of his white silk glove. â€Å"Will you obey now, or shall I have him chastise you again?† Sansa's ear felt numb. She touched it, and her fingertips came away wet and red. â€Å"I . . . as . . . as you command, my lord.† â€Å"Your Grace,† Joffrey corrected her. â€Å"I shall look for you in court.† He turned and left. Ser Meryn and Ser Arys followed him out, but Sandor Clegane lingered long enough to yank her roughly to her feet. â€Å"Save yourself some pain, girl, and give him what he wants.† â€Å"What . . . what does he want? Please, tell me.† â€Å"He wants you to smile and smell sweet and be his lady love,† the Hound rasped. â€Å"He wants to hear you recite all your pretty little words the way the septa taught you. He wants you to love him . . . and fear him.† After he was gone, Sansa sank back onto the rushes, staring at the wall until two of her bedmaids crept timidly into the chamber. â€Å"I will need hot water for my bath, please,† she told them, â€Å"and perfume, and some powder to hide this bruise.† The right side of her face was swollen and beginning to ache, but she knew Joffrey would want her to be beautiful. The hot water made her think of Winterfell, and she took strength from that. She had not washed since the day her father died, and she was startled at how filthy the water became. Her maids sluiced the blood off her face, scrubbed the dirt from her back, washed her hair and brushed it out until it sprang back in thick auburn curls. Sansa did not speak to them, except to give them commands; they were Lannister servants, not her own, and she did not trust them. When the time came to dress, she chose the green silk gown that she had worn to the tourney. She recalled how gallant Joff had been to her that night at the feast. Perhaps it would make him remember as well, and treat her more gently. She drank a glass of buttermilk and nibbled at some sweet biscuits as she waited, to settle her stomach. It was midday when Ser Meryn returned. He had donned his white armor; a shirt of enameled scales chased with gold, a tall helm with a golden sunburst crest, greaves and gorget and gauntlet and boots of gleaming plate, a heavy wool cloak clasped with a golden lion. His visor had been removed from his helm, to better show his dour face; pouchy bags under his eyes, a wide sour mouth, rusty hair spotted with grey. â€Å"My lady,† he said, bowing, as if he had not beaten her bloody only three hours past. â€Å"His Grace has instructed me to escort you to the throne room.† â€Å"Did he instruct you to hit me if I refused to come?† â€Å"Are you refusing to come, my lady?† The look he gave her was without expression. He did not so much as glance at the bruise he had left her. He did not hate her, Sansa realized; neither did he love her. He felt nothing for her at all. She was only a . . . a thing to him. â€Å"No,† she said, rising. She wanted to rage, to hurt him as he'd hurt her, to warn him that when she was queen she would have him exiled if he ever dared strike her again . . . but she remembered what the Hound had told her, so all she said was, â€Å"I shall do whatever His Grace commands.† â€Å"As I do,† he replied. â€Å"Yes . . . but you are no true knight, Ser Meryn.† Sandor Clegane would have laughed at that, Sansa knew. Other men might have cursed her, warned her to keep silent, even begged for her forgiveness. Ser Meryn Trant did none of these. Ser Meryn Trant simply did not care. The balcony was deserted save for Sansa. She stood with her head bowed, fighting to hold back her tears, while below Joffrey sat on his Iron Throne and dispensed what it pleased him to call justice. Nine cases out of ten seemed to bore him; those he allowed his council to handle, squirming restlessly while Lord Baelish, Grand Maester Pycelle, or Queen Cersei resolved the matter. When he did choose to make a ruling, though, not even his queen mother could sway him. A thief was brought before him and he had Ser Ilyn chop his hand off, right there in court. Two knights came to him with a dispute about some land, and he decreed that they should duel for it on the morrow. â€Å"To the death,† he added. A woman fell to her knees to plead for the head of a man executed as a traitor. She had loved him, she said, and she wanted to see him decently buried. â€Å"If you loved a traitor, you must be a traitor too,† Joffrey said. Two gold cloaks dragged her off to the dungeons. Frog-faced Lord Slynt sat at the end of the council table wearing a black velvet doublet and a shiny cloth-of-gold cape, nodding with approval every time the king pronounced a sentence. Sansa stared hard at his ugly face, remembering how he had thrown down her father for Ser Ilyn to behead, wishing she could hurt him, wishing that some hero would throw him down and cut off his head. But a voice inside her whispered, There are no heroes, and she remembered what Lord Petyr had said to her, here in this very hall. â€Å"Life is not a song, sweetling,† he'd told her. â€Å"You may learn that one day to your sorrow.† In life, the monsters win, she told herself, and now it was the Hound's voice she heard, a cold rasp, metal on stone. â€Å"Save yourself some pain, girl, and give him what he wants.† The last case was a plump tavern singer, accused of making a song that ridiculed the late King Robert. Joff commanded them to fetch his woodharp and ordered him to perform the song for the court. The singer wept and swore he would never sing that song again, but the king insisted. It was sort of a funny song, all about Robert fighting with a pig. The pig was the boar who'd killed him, Sansa knew, but in some verses it almost sounded as if he were singing about the queen. When the song was done, Joffrey announced that he'd decided to be merciful. The singer could keep either his fingers or his tongue. He would have a day to make his choice. Janos Slynt nodded. That was the final business of the afternoon, Sansa saw with relief, but her ordeal was not yet done. When the herald's voice dismissed the court, she fled the balcony, only to find Joffrey waiting for her at the base of the curving stairs. The Hound was with him, and Ser Meryn as well. The young king examined her critically, top to bottom. â€Å"You look much better than you did.† â€Å"Thank you, Your Grace,† Sansa said. Hollow words, but they made him nod and smile. â€Å"Walk with me,† Joffrey commanded, offering her his arm. She had no choice but to take it. The touch of his hand would have thrilled her once; now it made her flesh crawl. â€Å"My name day will be here soon,† Joffrey said as they slipped out the rear of the throne room. â€Å"There will be a great feast, and gifts. What are you going to give me?† â€Å"I . . . I had not thought, my lord.† â€Å"Your Grace,† he said sharply. â€Å"You truly are a stupid girl, aren't you? My mother says so.† â€Å"She does?† After all that had happened, his words should have lost their power to hurt her, yet somehow they had not. The queen had always been so kind to her. â€Å"Oh, yes. She worries about our children, whether they'll be stupid like you, but I told her not to trouble herself.† The king gestured, and Ser Meryn opened a door for them. â€Å"Thank you, Your Grace,† she murmured. The Hound was right, she thought, I am only a little bird, repeating the words they taught me. The sun had fallen below the western wall, and the stones of the Red Keep glowed dark as blood. â€Å"I'll get you with child as soon as you're able,† Joffrey said as he escorted her across the practice yard. â€Å"If the first one is stupid, I'll chop off your head and find a smarter wife. When do you think you'll be able to have children?† Sansa could not look at him, he shamed her so. â€Å"Septa Mordane says most . . . most highborn girls have their flowering at twelve or thirteen.† Joffrey nodded. â€Å"This way.† He led her into the gatehouse, to the base of the steps that led up to the battlements. Sansa jerked back away from him, trembling. Suddenly she knew where they were going. â€Å"No,† she said, her voice a frightened gasp. â€Å"Please, no, don't make me, I beg you . . . â€Å" Joffrey pressed his lips together. â€Å"I want to show you what happens to traitors.† Sansa shook her head wildly. â€Å"I won't. I won't.† â€Å"I can have Ser Meryn drag you up,† he said. â€Å"You won't like that. You had better do what I say.† Joffrey reached for her, and Sansa cringed away from him, backing into the Hound. â€Å"Do it, girl,† Sandor Clegane told her, pushing her back toward the king. His mouth twitched on the burned side of his face and Sansa could almost hear the rest of it. He'll have you up there no matter what, so give him what he wants. She forced herself to take King Joffrey's hand. The climb was something out of a nightmare; every step was a struggle, as if she were pulling her feet out of ankle-deep mud, and there were more steps than she would have believed, a thousand thousand steps, and horror waiting on the ramparts. From the high battlements of the gatehouse, the whole world spread out below them. Sansa could see the Great Sept of Baelor on Visenya's hill, where her father had died. At the other end of the Street of the Sisters stood the fire-blackened ruins of the Dragonpit. To the west, the swollen red sun was half-hidden behind the Gate of the Gods. The salt sea was at her back, and to the south was the fish market and the docks and the swirling torrent of the Blackwater Rush. And to the north . . . She turned that way, and saw only the city, streets and alleys and hills and bottoms and more streets and more alleys and the stone of distant walls. Yet she knew that beyond them was open country, farms and fields and forests, and beyond that, north and north and north again, stood Winterfell. â€Å"What are you looking at?† Joffrey said. â€Å"This is what I wanted you to see, right here.† A thick stone parapet protected the outer edge of the rampart, reaching as high as Sansa's chin, with crenellations cut into it every five feet for archers. The heads were mounted between the crenels, along the top of the wall, impaled on iron spikes so they faced out over the city. Sansa had noted them the moment she'd stepped out onto the wallwalk, but the river and the bustling streets and the setting sun were ever so much prettier. He can make me look at the heads, she told herself, but he can't make me see them. â€Å"This one is your father,† he said. â€Å"This one here. Dog, turn it around so she can see him.† Sandor Clegane took the head by the hair and turned it. The severed head had been dipped in tar to preserve it longer. Sansa looked at it calmly, not seeing it at all. It did not really look like Lord Eddard, she thought; it did not even look real. â€Å"How long do I have to look?† Joffrey seemed disappointed. â€Å"Do you want to see the rest?† There was a long row of them. â€Å"If it please Your Grace.† Joffrey marched her down the wallwalk, past a dozen more heads and two empty spikes. â€Å"I'm saving those for my uncle Stannis and my uncle Renly,† he explained. The other heads had been dead and mounted much longer than her father. Despite the tar, most were long past being recognizable. The king pointed to one and said, â€Å"That's your septa there,† but Sansa could not even have told that it was a woman. The jaw had rotted off her face, and birds had eaten one ear and most of a cheek. Sansa had wondered what had happened to Septa Mordane, although she supposed she had known all along. â€Å"Why did you kill her?† she asked. â€Å"She was godsworn . . . â€Å" â€Å"She was a traitor.† Joffrey looked pouty; somehow she was upsetting him. â€Å"You haven't said what you mean to give me for my name day. Maybe I should give you something instead, would you like that?† â€Å"If it please you, my lord,† Sansa said. When he smiled, she knew he was mocking her. â€Å"Your brother is a traitor too, you know.† He turned Septa Mordane's head back around. â€Å"I remember your brother from Winterfell. My dog called him the lord of the wooden sword. Didn't you, dog?† â€Å"Did I?† the Hound replied. â€Å"I don't recall.† Joffrey gave a petulant shrug. â€Å"Your brother defeated my uncle Jaime. My mother says it was treachery and deceit. She wept when she heard. Women are all weak, even her, though she pretends she isn't. She says we need to stay in King's Landing in case my other uncles attack, but I don't care. After my name day feast, I'm going to raise a host and kill your brother myself. That's what I'll give you, Lady Sansa. Your brother's head.† A kind of madness took over her then, and she heard herself say, â€Å"Maybe my brother will give me your head.† Joffrey scowled. â€Å"You must never mock me like that. A true wife does not mock her lord. Ser Meryn, teach her.† This time the knight grasped her beneath the jaw and held her head still as he struck her. He hit her twice, left to right, and harder, right to left. Her lip split and blood ran down her chin, to mingle with the salt of her tears. â€Å"You shouldn't be crying all the time,† Joffrey told her. â€Å"You're more pretty when you smile and laugh.† Sansa made herself smile, afraid that he would have Ser Meryn hit her again if she did not, but it was no good, the king still shook his head. â€Å"Wipe off the blood, you're all messy.† The outer parapet came up to her chin, but along the inner edge of the walk was nothing, nothing but a long plunge to the bailey seventy or eighty feet below. All it would take was a shove, she told herself. He was standing right there, right there, smirking at her with those fat wormlips. You could do it, she told herself. You could. Do it right now. It wouldn't even matter if she went over with him. It wouldn't matter at all. â€Å"Here, girl.† Sandor Clegane knelt before her, between her and Joffrey. With a delicacy surprising in such a big man, he dabbed at the blood welling from her broken lip. The moment was gone. Sansa lowered her eyes. â€Å"Thank you,† she said when he was done. She was a good girl, and always remembered her courtesies.

Life of Pi Prompts Essay

Directions: Choose one of the prompts below. Construct a well thought-out essay that demonstrates the skills you have gained this year. First, write out or type up your thesis statement and topic sentences. After receiving teacher feedback, develop a first draft. Again, using the writing rules you know and the strategies you’ve learned, show evidence of proof-reading on this first draft. Turn these two artifacts (thesis and topic sentences & proof-read draft) in on the day the essay is due. Turn your final perfect version into turnitin.com by midnight on Monday, June 10th. Prompt 1 Contemporary authors often utilize multiple voices or narrative points of view in order to provide their readers with a fuller, more complete view of the characters and their situation. Write a well organized essay in which you analyze Yann Martel’s use of both Pi’s and the narrator’s voices in the telling of Pi’s story. Prompt 2 A popular form of novels and films is the bildungsroman, the story of a character’s emotional or psychological coming of age. Write a well-organized essay in which you examine the life of Pi as a bildungsroman. Prompt 3 A narrative technique often employed by novelists and playwrights is to present multiple versions, told by multiple sources, of the same event. Write a well-organized essay in which you analyze the meaning of varying accounts of Pi’s tale and what they contribute to the overall meaning of the novel. Prompt 4 Read the passage from chapter(s) 96 through 99, beginning with chapter 96 and ending in chapter 99 with Mr. Okamoto’s saying about the tiger â€Å"No trace of it has been found.† Write a well organized essay in which you analyze the sources of humor in the conversation between Pi and the Japanese interviewers, and examine what this humor contributes to the overall impact of the novel. Prompt 5 Read the author’s note and write a well-organized essay in which you analyze the author’s motive for telling the story of Pi Patel and the impact of this motive on the general credibility of the author’s account. Prompt 6 Read chapter 86 in its entirety. Then write a well-organized essay in which you evaluate Pi’s declaration of love for Richard Parker as a climax in the development of Pi’s character.

An Opinion on the Future of Gender Equality

An Opinion on the Future of Gender Equality As much as I would love for gender equality to become an accomplishment soon, I genuinely question that it will entirely come to a possibility. Although numerous of nations claim that they are not gender one-sided, many people still consider themselves as more superior than the opposite gender. Throughout most of Earth’s entire life time, women are most likely to become inferior to their male opponents. This sort of separation is exceptionally dangerous and can prompt troublesome ways of life, such as difficult lifestyles and one gender being submissive to another.The degrees and reasons for the amount of inequality differ from all across the world. In some countries honor killing, the point at which a female individual from a family is executed for the view of having conveyed shame to their family. This had turned to a monsterous situation in countries such as Pakistan and the Middle E the Middle East. In July 2009, two Saudi Arabian sisters were murdered by their sibling within the presence of their father under the rubric of defending the familys honor. Another circumstance of wrongdoing incorporated more than 30,000 women in Guatemala who have been murdered in the course of recent years because of cases involving misogynistic violence. It has been estimated that 130 million girls were genitally mutilated in Africa and Yemen. 5,000 ladies in India who endured female infanticide each year due to inadequate endowment installment money given to the spouse by the brides family. These types of activities are unlawful viciousness against women, as well as towards the entire mankind. Another major problem involving gender equality that has been occurring is sex-selective abortion. This fuels the problems of having human trafficking, statistic awkwardness, and sexual abuse.Since women are seen as useless unless they are given birth to a male offspring, they suffer the most pain. India and China, the two most populated countries on Earth both practice the preference of male child birth over females. Females are considered underestimated and weak in Chinese society, and under ONE CHILD POLICY, many families keep the male offspring more often than female offsprings. Additionally in India, male child birth is widely supported and welcomed while that of a woman is viewed as a burden. Numerous governments routinely smother common society by limiting flexibility of the press, expression, and assembly. These confinements antagonistically influenced the two men and women: nonetheless, females are subjected to a large group of extra gender-specific human rights violations. This legitimate segregation undermines womens full personhood and equivalent cooperation in the public eye and puts at an expansion chance for brutality. In the governments’ eye, women are automatically viewed as weak and often dismissed if they want to report any type of offense. This can lead to the misuse of the judicial system and can make any court cases more prohibitively expensive to settle. The women’s movement has, appropriately, invested years crusading for lawful change and tending to sex predisposition in existing laws, however the concentration needs to move to changing demeanors and the social factors that keep women from practicing their rights. The power of the law to o vercome these forces ought not be overestimated. In this day and age, women are not the only group of people who are suffering from human rights violation. The LGBTQ + community has also had its fair share at the abuse governments have given them. They are constantly being tortured for being who they are, for liking someone of the same gender, and how they are perceived in everyone else’s eyes. The LGBTQ+ have always been denied from their decision from claiming getting hitched, embracing kids, or landing typical job positions. Countries all across the world feel that having two individuals of the same sexual orientation getting married is considered satanic or unnatural. This prompts churches and the court system to deny their rights to wed or have kids since â€Å" marriage ought to be between a man and a woman† or â€Å"God made Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve.† People in this community have also been told that they will spoil in hellfire for they way they are. In any case, how are they causing issues for p referring someone over another. We should be totally legit, as much as anybody would love to have the world to have sexual orientation fairness, it will be completely inconceivable since the world is fundamentally one-sided to one sex. The world sees itself as being more male or ‘alpha† dominant instead of being equal to all sides. In an impeccable dream, gender equality would appear like a stage a route from ending up genuine. Be that as it may, in actuality, we need to remember that regardless of the amount we say that were equivalent, despite everything were isolated by what sex you are.

Increasing Participation in the Marriage Enrichment Group at Essay

Increasing Participation in the Marriage Enrichment Group at Tabernacle Church - Essay Example As communicated to the researcher by the founding pastor, the Tabernacle discovered earlier in its ministry that in a dynamic world, the process of ministry is as important and as critical as the product of ministry. Therefore, small groups became the process through which quality care of members took place. Small groups were also places where members developed personal relationships. However, over the years, the groups at Tabernacle have been reduced to four. The structure of the Tabernacle Church is hierarchical, with the senior pastor being the Chief Executive Officer. Three assistant pastors help the senior pastor in providing general care for the congregation. They are also responsible for leading Men and Women’s Ministries as well as the Marriage Enrichment Ministry. The church has an administrator, a deacon and elder, two praise and worship leaders and an audio technician. Additionally, the Executive Board of the church comprises of the senior pastor, assistant pastors, the head deacon, an elder and the administrator. The Executive Board is responsible for hiring, buying and selling properties on behalf of the church. However, the senior pastor has the final say in decision-making and all of the above leaders report to him directly. The senior pastor of Tabernacle Church communicated to the researcher his observation of an ongoing pattern of low program activity, resulting in low program participation in the marriage subunit; hence, the problem. Further observation with the senior pastor reveals the effectiveness of the marriage enrichment subunit, which is supposed to create a network of support to encourage couples to grow in intimacy and commitment, as well as learn skills that will improve their marriages, has significantly declined. Consequently, the needed leadership is not being provided for the subunit of the family services

Management Role-Perception, Attitude, and Vaules Essay

Management Role-Perception, Attitude, and Vaules - Essay Example Considering the articulations from Robbins, the extent that influencing work environment values which are helpful for an organization on hierarchical practices is concerned, the capacity of workers inside an organization and improved work environment upgrades worker gainfulness. For instance, standard well-being offices will secure the life of the specialists. In the event of any danger at work they have some confirmation of some wage. This guaranteed salary has a tendency to minimize any inhibitory reasons for alarm of the laborers giving themselves completely to their work (Robbins & Judge, 2011). Administration Role-Perception, Attitude, and Values are the center explanations that comes as a consequence of viable coordination of a given association administration. In todays working environment, representatives need to enhance their information and aptitudes consistently to have the capacity to perform their occupations. Henceforth, pioneers of associations are looking to apply the best preparing systems to guarantee greatest execution and gainfulness. The coordination of an association executes all the bearings according to the administration for success. For this to be considered, the administration continues redesigning its administrations and also giving preparing to its representatives to improvement of an

Major Topic in Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Major Topic in Juvenile Delinquency - Essay Example However, it can be said that the system has been fairy effective in controlling juvenile crimes and rehabilitating youths. The juvenile justice system comprises of formal and informal institutions, while the juvenile justice process consists of the procedures that are followed in processing juvenile cases. This paper discusses the history of juvenile justice, the juvenile justice system, which collaborates with the juvenile justice process to administer justice to juveniles, and the juvenile justice process. Keywords: Juvenile, Youth, Child, Justice, Juvenile Justice, Juvenile Justice System, Juvenile Justice Process Introduction Youth crime is a very serious problem to the society. Early youth crimes included runaways, loitering, bullying, and other minor offenses. This has however changed with youths turning violent and committing crimes as serious as assault, robbery, murder, rape, and drug trafficking. In recent years, youth crime has been on the rise affecting many nations world wide. In the United States, millions of juvenile arrests are conducted each year for crimes ranging from violence to minor crimes. According to Cole and Smith, â€Å"in a nation with 74 million people younger than age 18, about 1.6 million arrests of juveniles occur each year , 74,000 of which (just over 4.5 percent) are for violent crimes† (2010, p. 604). ... Institutions and procedures were thus established, in order to conduct justice for juveniles with focus on their welfare. The institutions and procedures established are referred to as the juvenile justice system and the juvenile justice process respectively. The juvenile justice process is therefore a philosophy that underlies the juvenile justice system. From this, it is clear that both institutions and procedures collaborate to administer juvenile justice, and no entity can exist on its own. Martin points out that â€Å"the juvenile justice system is composed of institutions that have been organized to manage established procedures as a way to achieve justice for all juveniles† (2005, p. 4). The institutions are divided into formal and informal organizations, and constitute of community-based programs and agencies, juvenile corrections, juvenile courts, and the police. The juvenile justice process on the other hand, â€Å"refers to distinct procedures established to assure the fair administration of youths under the law† (Martin, 2005, p. 4). These procedures have to conform to the institutions established to administer juvenile justice. The juvenile justice process in conducted in a friendly way, with the primary aims of identifying the youth’s problem and seeking a treatment plan to control and ultimately eliminate the problem. The juvenile justice process involves the police interface, intake and screening at the court, pretrial procedures, transfer to adult court, adjudication, disposition, and corrections (Cole & Smith, 2010). History of Juvenile Justice The issue of juvenile justice has been around for many

Soundscapes in which Music operates in a Worship Setting Essay

Soundscapes in which Music operates in a Worship Setting - Essay Example The "Tao Meditation", is used to convey the worshiper into a deeper and more peaceful state of worship and spiritual growth. The music is focused in soft Tibetan sounds, with wind chimes, gongs, bells and gentle natural sounds to convey a deeper sense of inner peace and a desire to enter into the inner reaches of ones spirituality. The covey of the simple music allows for the worshiper to find a peaceful oasis of relaxation and stress relief from the business of life, to tap into the inner energies of spiritual awareness and silence. The setting, that I experienced was a simple room, lots of natural light where the worshipers like myself sit in simple seating set in a semi circle, with a screen at the opening of the circle that provided the features that impact upon the sight sensory experience. The leadership by a competence alternative worship leader gently brought one into a sensory but spiritual experience. The significance of the experience is the fulfillment of the inner spirit ual finding release in the gentle art of meditation. There was no specifically set ritual, just a simple group desire to come together to enjoy and experience a deeper and more meaningful spirituality. The ritual if any; or indeed order, was the gentle leading of the group by the leader into the peaceful state of meditation. ... The leadership by a competence alternative worship leader gently brought one into a sensory but spiritual experience. The significance of the experience is the fulfillment of the inner spiritual finding release in the gentle art of meditation. There was no specifically set ritual, just a simple group desire to come together to enjoy and experience a deeper and more meaningful spirituality. The ritual if any; or indeed order, was the gentle leading of the group by the leader into the peaceful state of meditation. Gently listening to the noises and sounds of the music and visualizing the scenes being shown on the screen, before us, invoked this. The meditation allowed each of group of worshipers to concentrate on their own personal spiritual journey and belief structure. The simplicity of the meditation enacted a sense of restfulness, peace and an inner desire to enjoin with the God force or life force within each of us. This was drawn out by viewing the many simple and colorful shapes that were sometimes floated, phased in and out on the screen before us then melting into the distance of the landscape on the screen. The group were able to discuss the experience after its conclusion in a facilitated discussion led by the worship leader. Many of the participants were able to explain that it allowed them to tune into the higher self or as some put it, the "God force" within us. What I enjoyed about the experience was that it allowed one to maintain ones own identity and individuality, without placing formal belief structures and dogmatic systems before the simplicity of simply and gently worshiping and enjoying peace with God. The second experience was completely different in its setting and style. The setting was a Methodist Church, which

Lack of Parental and Primary Care Control in Pediatric Asthma Essay

Lack of Parental and Primary Care Control in Pediatric Asthma - Essay Example Indoor as well as outdoor air quality consists of agents such as tobacco smoke, dust mites and cockroaches, which are responsible for asthma exacerbations (Platts-Mills, 1999). Children have narrow airways and rapid respiration rates. This puts them at an increased risk of asthma as compared to adults. The disease is much more widespread then it is believed to be. About 5.3 million children in America suffer from asthma (Adams, 1998). There are many advancements in asthma research and availability of medicine, yet morbidity and treatment costs are still extremely high (Fairfield, 2010). The high treatment costs can lead to a lack of proper parental care. The lack of health insurance in some families has also been shown to present an issue with lack of primary care control for pediatric asthma. Asthma can be properly controled if parents and primary physicians work together to properly plan and care for the affected child. Through, literature review, news articles, and treatment optio ns lack of proper pediatric asthma care will be shown, as well as, how proper care can ensure a lower asthma incidence in the child and lower morbidity. Literature Review Recent studies have indicated that most of the asthmatic children are notable to achieve the optimal level of asthma control that can be obtained (Szefler, 2005). The difficulty with the treatment of asthma and the prevention of its exacerbation has been the widely different perceptions of what is meant by asthma control. Primary care and the ambulatory settings have been identified as the most efficient and effective level of care in order to prevent the exacerbation of asthma. A necessary component of asthma care includes the mitigation of the triggers-both indoor and outdoor that has been associated with the exacerbation of asthma. There has been evidence found through research that there is a direct relation between the socio-economic status of an individual and the exposure he faces to the various risk factors. Children who are staying in poor households and belonging to lower economic strata are more likely to suffer exposure to triggers responsible for asthma, as well as suffe r from improper parental and even physician care. No detailed study has been available in the literature review which specifically deals only with the different aspects associated with the treatment of asthma. Most studies that have been associated with asthma deal with the triggers that have been responsible for exacerbations of asthma (Andrew Harver, 2008). A research paper conducted by L.Kay Barthlomew and other does talk in detail about the benefits of inhaled corticosteroids and their effectiveness (2006). News Articles The Chicago Sun Times reported that a family is suing three hospitals due to the death of their seven year old child as a result of improper asthma care (Korecki, 2011). The mother stated that no one explained anything regarding her son’s treatment just that they had to transfer to another hospital. The second hospital made the mother and son transfer again to a hospital thirty minutes away. Unfortunately before the boy reached the third hospital he died in the ambulance. The mother indicated she knew the routine they would have to sit in the hospital while her boy was treated and once given the treatment he would be fine. They were prepared to wait at the hospital as they had before. The boy was treated at home with an inhaler, but this treatment option did not always help resolve the more severe attacks. According to Perry, Texas it is one of the worst states and

3 to Choose From Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

3 to Choose From - Essay Example The recent nuclear energy agreement (1-2-3 agreement) signed between India and America is the best example for the interests in nuclear energy by developing countries like India. Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are the two scientific processes used to liberate energy from the nucleus of an atom. Both these processes have its scientific base in the famous relativity theory formulated by the well known scientist Einstein. The equation E = mc2 (E-energy, m- mass of the matter and v – velocity of light) formulated by Einstein serves as the base for these two processes nuclear fission and fusion. Through this equation Einstein established that matter can be converted to energy and vice versa. Nuclear fission is a process of splitting up of a heavy nucleus by a fast moving neutron. Mostly one of the isotopes of Uranium, U235 is used for the fission purpose. When U235 is bombarded with a neutron, it will be accepted by the U235 nucleus and becomes U236. But U236 is This reaction was first studied by Enrico Fermi and his colleagues. But they failed to interpret the results properly. They could not identify the reason for the formation of two new elements when Uranium nucleus was bombarded with a neutron. But German scientists Otto Hann and Fritz Strassmann were successful in explaining the process. They have concluded that â€Å"if a massive nucleus like uranium-235 breaks apart (fissions), then there will be a net yield of energy because the sum of the masses of the fragments will be less than the mass of the uranium nucleus.† (Nuclear Fission) Nuclear fusion is the reverse process of nuclear fission. Here two light nuclei were combined to form a single heavier nucleus. It is a process in which both energy absorption as well as energy liberation takes place. It occurs naturally at stars. The Sun is able to produce huge amount of heat only because of the fusion reaction happening in it. Unlike

Personal and Professional Development for Business Essay

Personal and Professional Development for Business - Essay Example The greater job insecurity and weakened right of workers have increased the level of poverty in the developing countries (Goldberg & Pavcnik, 2006). For the purpose of giving the farmers and workers in the developing countries a living wage for their work, which can sustain them and create opportunities for social and economic development, the alternative system of trade which counteracts international free trade, corporate control and global policies was established. Such system is a Fairtrade initiative, which aims are to improve the living conditions of producers in developing countries with their attempts to achieve higher prices, greater availability of financing and longer-term and sustainable buyer-seller relationships. Along with that, an organized social movement was also called to improve social goods and community development and to use the environmental friendly production through a certification process for producers and suppliers. The initiative is simple about the bett er prices, decent working conditions and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers in the countries that are developing. The following report will examine precisely the question of Fair Trade, will analyze who are the main consumers and who and why people buy Fair Trade products. Further the report will investigate what retailers of selling Fair Trade products can do to increase sales. A Fairtrade Foundation tends to relieve world from poverty, suffering, and distress. That is why it promotes research and education concerning the causes and effects of poverty, in particular, the relation of trade and to the conditions of employment of poor people living in the developing countries. I

College Students Poor Food Choices Due to Stress Essay Example for Free

College Students Poor Food Choices Due to Stress Essay Some examples of uncomfortable feelings might be anxiety, depression, feeling pressured, procrastination, troubled relationships with peers, not doing well in academics, or not being economically successful. Students that live in the dorms may choose fattening foods at the cafeteria or â€Å"treat† themselves to fast food because they are emotionally unstable. Most of these college students also do not think that their new habit is a negative one. The reason why college students eat fattening, high sugar foods could be because of a mental or a biological satisfaction. This research will give an explanation for why many medicate their emotional states with food. Food choices are often made based on one’s unhappiness, angst, or trauma. College students may feel as though pleasing their mouths will please their hearts and ease their state of stress. Many will endorse preferring the taste of highly salted, high sugar content foods, while others will state that this is the food they grew up eating, and some will say this is what is most affordable and accessible. Doing anything excessive because a stressor is acting upon you damages ones psyche; when one over eats and becomes obese, their sense of your self-image is altered negatively. The Cafe with buffets, fast food restaurants, and late night pizza deliveries are just a few of the enticements that college students are facing as they adjust to their new found independence and life on their own for the first time. My freshman roommate was from Sweden; when she came to America she was considered a normal weight. However, as she was experiencing the college and had a lot of American food available she chose fast food and unhealthy foods at the cafe at school to cope with being home sick, and being stressed out about school and soccer. However, she woke up one morning and realized that her belly was much bigger than when she first came to America. She waddled over to a mirror and grabbed her stomach and said, â€Å"how come you’re stomach is not this big? We almost do the same things. † I said, â€Å"I knew it was secretly a dream of yours to be ‘thick’ so the vitamins I gave you the other night were for you to get big overnight. This just relieved the tension and she had gotten her insecurity off of her chest. However, it did not solve her psychological crisis that had triggered negative feelings about her physical appearance. The main reason why she was over eating and eating unhealthy was because she was depressed and missed home – not because she was hungry. Many college students go through the same scenario that my roommate experienced. Some students feel as though abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake will comfort them physically and mentally. This research will be done on the college students who live in the dorms at Holy Names University. The units of analysis that will be observed are poor food choices and the factors of stress. Some major influences that that affect food choice are biological determinants, economic determinants, physical determinants, social determinants, and psychological determinants. A mode of operation that can be observed is the biological purpose that food serves; to put nutrients into our body. Humans need energy and nutrients in order to survive and will respond to the feelings of hunger or satisfaction of appetite. The central nervous system is involved in controlling the balance between hunger, appetite stimulation and food intake. Palatability is proportional to the pleasure someone experiences when eating a particular food. This aspect will most likely play a huge part in the decision making process for the food choices that college students make. Palatability is dependent on the sensory properties of the food such as taste, smell, texture and appearance. Sweet and high-fat foods have an undeniable sensory appeal. It is not surprising then that food is not solely regarded as a source of nourishment but is often consumed for the pleasure value it imparts. Another mode of operation that can be observed is the psychological factors that are in play during the decision making of making proper food choices. Stress and one’s mood can modify behaviors that affect health, such as physical activity, smoking or food choice. The influence of stress on food choice is complex not least because of the various types of stress one can experience. The effect of stress on food intake depends on the individual, the stressor and the circumstances. In general, some people eat more and some eat less than normal when experiencing stress. Studies also suggest that if work stress is prolonged or frequent, then adverse dietary changes could result, increasing the possibility of weight gain and consequently cardiovascular risk. Other than causing likely psychological insecurities, obesity can bring on a plethora of health conditions, including heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes, knee and joint problems, various types of cancer and death. Bellise 2005) This study will be nomothetic; it will be describing the study of food choices and agents of stress within the cohorts of undergraduates that live in the dorms, particularly on the C-floor level of Durocher, on the Holy Names University campus. This research will be done by using deductive reasoning. Sometimes this is called the â€Å"top-down† approach because the researcher starts at the top with a very broad spectrum, which would narrow that down into more specific hypotheses that can be tested. Stress can cause bad eating habits like impulsive eating, overeating, binge eating, or compensatory behavior. The key variables and concepts involved in this study are stress and poor food choices. One should not use food to cope with stress and other negative emotions, because afterwards he or she will feel even worse. Becoming obese not only causes many physical disadvantages, but also can create psychological insecurities that must be dealt with. I will be using the Student Stress Survey (SSS) that measures the major sources of stress among college students. Also, I will be using a Eating Habit Questionnaire (EHQ) to measure how healthy one’s choices are when they make decisions about food. Some contributing indicators for stress are: anxiety disorders, weight problems, depression, premature aging, heart disease, chronic fatigue, high blood pressure, memory loss/brain fog, migraines, PMS, sleep problems, seasonal affective disorders, joint disorders, and sexual dysfunction. The peculiar thing is, that the indicators for having malnutrition are similar. However, when dealing with bad eating habits, one who isn’t getting enough food or nutrition or one that doesn’t have enough food or nutrition, can also have more serious indicators like: cancer, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, advanced aging, hormonal imbalance, and a decrease of hepatic function. The level of measurement that will be utilized during this research is mainly ordinal. This research will focus on two dimensions, food choice and level of stress. This allows the research to demonstrate how stress affects ones all around health. During this research, there will be two different types of surveys that will be combined and put into one leading scale measurement. This research will ask HNU students, qualitative questions that are open-ended, sampling questions or scenarios that make individuals contemplate about their food decisions and how it can be used to medicate depression. This is a collective case study that introduces a typology that is useful when selecting participants in multiple-case studies. This typology centers on a parallel sampling design. A parallel sampling design represents a body of sampling strategies that facilitate credible comparisons of two cases. Unfortunately, there can be a few open ended scenarios where someone could have just been eating badly for that week or some food is more convenient during a time period than another. Another thing to take into account is that perhaps some deal with stress differently than others. Part II This research will take place through the Holy Names University dorm rooms and I will be going door to door, starting with the people that live on my floor, then to the people that live above and below me in Durocher. These students are all undergraduates that are not freshmen. I will be asking as many people as I can later that night because that is when most of my peers are available to sit down and take a survey. The reliability for this experiment should be accurate because this is a replicated study of a survey and a questionnaire that have already been tested and have ways of measuring how sever ones stress is and what food choices one makes. This study has the ability to perform the exact same way every time it is being tested and it will be interpreted under the same conditions. The validity that will be focused on during this experiment is concurrent validity which measures the test against a set benchmark; higher correlated indicators prove that my test has strong criterion validity. Therefore, those who rank higher in stress levels and also rank high in eating unhealthy prove my theory true. The Survey: EHQ: Instructions: * This is not a test. There isn’t a right or wrong answer. * Read or listen to each question carefully and think about it before you choose an answer. * To choose an answer, put an X next to your choice. Choose only one answer for each question unless you are asked to choose more than one. * If you want to change an answer, erase your old answer and mark your new choice. Be sure to erase completely. * Do not skip any questions. What Gender do you fall under? ___Male ___Female Check the food in each line that you think is better for your health. 1. ___cookies OR ___an apple 3. ___chocolate cake OR ___an orange 4. ___ice cream OR __ _fresh fruit cup 5. ___whole milk OR ___low-fat or skim milk 6. ___frozen yogurt OR ___ice cream 7. ___french toast OR ___whole wheat toast . ___grilled chicken sandwich OR ___hamburger 9. ___baked potato OR ___french fries 10. ___fruit juice OR ___soda 11. ___donut OR ___bread 12. ___cold or ready-to-eat cereal OR ___eggs and bacon 13. ___green salad OR ___popcorn 14. ___raisins OR ___candy bar 15. ___pasta OR ___pizza Check the box under YES or NO to answer the following questions if you have experienced this at Holy Names University based off of the availability to the Cafeteria and a grocery store near by: In the last 2 weeks, did you ever. . . | YES| NO| 16. Eaten fruits for bereakfast? | | | 17. SSS: To determine your stress score, add up the number of points corresponding to the events you have experienced in the past 12 months. 1. Death of a close family member (100 points) 2. Death of a close friend (73 points) 3. Divorce between parents (65 points) 4. Jail term (63 points) 5. Major personal injury or illness (63 points) 6. Marriage (58 points) 7. Firing from job (50 points) 8. Failing a class (47 points) 9. Change in health of a family member (45 points) 10. Pregnancy (45 points) 11. Sex problems (44 points) 12. Serious argument with close friend (40 points) 3. Change in financial status (39 points) 14. Change in scholastic major (39 points) 15. Trouble with parents (39 points) 16. New girl-or boyfriend (37 points) 17. Increase in workload at school (37 points) 18. Outstanding personal achievement (36 points) 19. First quarter/semester in college (36 points) 20. Change in living conditions (31 points) 21. Serious argument with an instructor (30 points) 22. Lower grades t han expected (29 points) 23. Change in sleeping habits (29 points) 24. Change in social activities (29 Points) 25. Change in eating habits (28 points) 26. Chronic car trouble (26 points) 27. Change in the, number of family get-togethers (26 points) 28. Too many missed classes (25 point) 29. Change of college (24 points) 30. Dropping of more than one class (23 points) 31. Minor traffic violations (20 points) 32. Roommate problems (15 points) _________Total Points Here’s how to interpret your score. If your score is 500-645, you are at high risk for developing bad eating habits because you are more stressed. If your score is 200-350, you have a 50-50 chance of experiencing a serious effect on your health based on your level of stress. If your score is below 150, you have a less serious chance of your stress level interfering with your food decision making. Bibliography Carol Olander. Eating habit questionnaire. 1999. 3/13/13 lt;http://www. nncc. org/evaluation/nutrition5. htmlgt;. Dr. France Bellisle. The Determinants of Food Choice . 08/03/2013. 3/09/12 lt;http://www. eufic. org/article/en/expid/review-food-choice/gt;. Grilo, C. M. , amp; White, M. A. (2011). A controlled evaluation of the distress criterion for binge eating disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(4), 509-514. doi: 10. 1037/a0024259 Grossbard, J. R. , Atkins, D. C. , Geisner, I. M. , amp; Larimer, M. E. (2012). Does depressed mood moderate the influence of drive for thinness and muscularity on eating disorder symptoms among college men? Psychology of Men amp; Mascularity, doi: 10. 1037/a0028913 Mackinnon, S. P. , Sherry, S. B. , Graham, A. R. , Stewart, S. H. , Sherry, D. L. , Allen, S. L. McGrath, D. S. (2011). Reformulating and undergraduate women: A short term, three-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(4) , 630-646. doi: 10. 1037/a0025068 Morehead State University . Stress Survey. 2011. 3/12/13 lt;http://www2. oreheadstate. edu/leo/index. aspx? id=6299gt;. Stice, E. , Rohde, P. , Shaw, H. , amp; Marti, C. N. (2012). Efficacy trail of a selective precention program targeting both eating disorder symptoms and unhealthy weight gain among female college students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(1), 164-170. doi: 10. 1037/a0026484 Tylka, T. L. , amp; Kroon, V. D. (2013). The intuitive eating Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation with college women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(1), 137-153. doi: 10. 1037/a0030893;10. 1037/a0030893. supp (Supplemental)

A Day at the Circus Maximus Essay Example for Free

A Day at the Circus Maximus Essay The Ancient Romans knew how to make their politicians work for them, and often demanded bread and circuses from political candidates. This lead to the races being free which meant anyone could go. Gangs were seen rioting through the streets in celebration of their favourite charioteers victory. Fights broke out between the fans of victors and losers. Just like modern day sports fans. Many friends would meet up and have a good time at the races supporting their team. Latin for greatest circus, the Circus Maximus was the first and largest circus in ancient Rome, and it could seat about a quarter of the entire population of the city. Most Romans did not have weekends off, working seven days a week but if there was chariot racing they would take the day off since everyone would be at the races and no one would buy anything. Men and women were allowed in the audience, making it a popular family entertainment which allowed a larger variety of people to watch and meant that more people would watch. This was not down to it being violent but to the fact that it was free and anyone could watch. Since men and women were allowed to sit together this offered a great opportunity for a man to chat up a woman he finds attractive. This could be another reason why chariot races were so popular. The Circus Maximus was around 2000 ft long and 625 ft wide. That is about the size of five modern football fields laid end to end. This meant it was a great spectacle since it was so large and made it very exciting. At its largest, the stadium had three tiers of seating and an estimated capacity of up to 270,000 spectators which allowed for a great atmosphere at the races and made it more popular without any violence which makes me think that violence was not the only reason to watch the races. The chariots started from twelve gates, six on either side of an entrance. Above sat the presiding official whose white flag signalled the races to begin. At either end of the racetrack were the turning posts, around which charioteers raced their steeds at break-neck speeds. This did mean that it was very dangerous. There were thirteen turns, for seven laps, a distance of five miles. This made the races very exciting since the chariots were going at incredible speeds. The races were only fifteen minutes long so there was high octane action in a short amount of time which made the races very exciting. There were also around 24 races a day which meant there was a lot happening in a day and many people would stay for the day. The charioteers were split into four teams, the whites, the reds, the greens and the blues. This made the races more fun because you went to support your team rather than just watch the races. This also led to betting and many people would come just to bet on the different teams. To conclude there are a lot of reasons for coming to the races and the danger of the races isn’t one of the main reasons for watching the races.

Attentional Bias In Alcohol Drinkers Psychology Essay

Attentional Bias In Alcohol Drinkers Psychology Essay Attentional Bias refers to the term not allowing one to examine all possible outcomes when judging about an association. Previous research stems from the famous â€Å"Stroop effect† that was discovered in 1930 by J.Ridley Stroop. This was an experimental effect in which he discovered that the individuals cognitive processing ability was very powerful. In other words ‘The Stroop effect (Stroop, 1935) is a prime example of the human failure to attend selectively to a particular aspect of a complex stimulus (Algom, D., Chajut, E., Lev, S. (2004). Since most researchers are interested in finding out things, the logical next step would be to develop further on and ask whether this actual delay in reaction time is due to moderate drinkers compared to light drinkers. In order to test the effectiveness of this Stroop effect, one uses the colour words example. By this, we mean words that are written using same coloured ink i.e. red written in red ink, and words written in differ ent coloured ink i.e. red written in blue. The participants are asked to read the words and not the colour. This sounds easier to do than it actually is. In this study the methodology and the affects of the Stroop test will be critically evaluated. To achieve this, previous research and literature will be drawn upon. A study of Duka and Townshend (2001) demonstrated attentional bias associated with alcohol cues: differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers, they used a dot probe (alcohol-related pictures and words) and questionnaires, and the aim was to examine whether non-dependent heavy drinkers would differ in their selective attention towards alcohol-related stimuli compared to social drinkers, the results showed attentional bias amongst the heavy drinkers in relation to alcohol-related stimuli, scores in factors such as sociability and sexuality shown to also be high, but low on personality and persistence. A further study of Duka and Townshend (2004) demonstrated the priming effect of alcohol pre-load on attentional bias to alcohol-related stimuli; they used a dot probe and questionnaires, and the aim of this study was to examine whether attentional bias towards alcohol-related stimuli wound increase after priming with either one or two doses of alcohol/placebo, the results on mood ratings showed dose dependent increased in positive mood radar after alcohol pre-load, and in the dot probe task, all participants showed attentional bias towards the alcohol-related stimuli, and the neutral bias was only positive at low alcohol dosage. A study of Sharma, Albery, and Cook (2001) demonstrated selective attentional bias to alcohol-related stimuli in problem drinkers and non-problem drinkers; they used a modified Stroop task (computerized), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in order to measure Anxiety, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to allow scoring (high or low), the participants were divided into three groups: local community alcohol service (CAS), student volunteers who were divided into two control groups, the aim of this study was to examine whether patient of problem drinkers selectively attend to alcohol-related stimuli compare to the two control groups of non-problem drinkers, the results indicate significance amongst the CAS group in longer reaction times in responding to colour of alcohol-related words compared to neutral words, with reduced interference for the high AUDIT group, therefore significant; in the low AUDIT group no significance was found. Additionally, no evidence is provi ded in the interference habituated amongst the three groups. A study of Stetter, Ackermann, Scherer, Schmid, Straube, and Mann (1994) demonstrated whether alcoholics develop an information processing bias towards disease-related stimuli, the results indicated an increase of error amongst alcoholics when presented with the disease-related stimuli compared to the neutral conditions, and controls. A further study Stetter, Ackemann, Bizer, Straube, and Mann (1995) by testing their hypothesis that alcoholics develop a disease-related attentional bias, with 40 male alcohol-dependent, and 40 male healthy, and used the Stroop colour-naming task, the results showed alcoholic inpatients performed significantly poorer than the control group under the critical experimental condition (colour-naming of disease-related words), as compared with the non-critical condition (colour-naming of neutral words; p = 0.03), no effects were found on the reaction times. A study of Johnsen, Laberg, Cox, Vaksdal, and Hugdahl, (1994) conducted in Norway demonstrated attentional bias in the processing of alcohol-related words on alcoholic subjects, using the Stroop colour and word test, the results indicate the alcoholics respond slowly on all categories, more so on alcohol-related words compared to the control group, and both groups responded slowly to colour interfering words than neutral words, the findings suggests that the alcoholic subjects allocated their attention to alcohol-related words, therefore allowing their cognitive processes take over making it impossible to ignore the alcohol-related words. Method Participants The participants were recruited the students at London South Bank University. There will be 170 participants in total, 34 males (17-moderate and 14-light drinkers) and 139 females (68 moderate and 71-light drinkers), and all the participants were adults aged 18years plus. Apparatus All participants were asked to complete the tasks on a computer (PC), and the same apparatus was used to store data, and later analyse the data collected. Design The Stroop task method is used and the two-way ANOVA test will be used to analyse data (2 X 2 Mixed subject design). There are two independent variables i) Group (light vs. moderate alcohol drinkers) ii) Word Type (neutral vs. alcohol-related words), and the dependent variable is the reaction time to identifying the colour the word is presented in. In order to verify differences that may occur, the between group and within group will be looked at in more depth. Procedure In this study, the following was explained. Each participant was asked to follow the instructions provided on the screen. Labels were placed on the buttons on the keyboard for each subject to make their responses. There are two set type of words (alcohol-related words and neutral words). The participants were required to complete a serious of trials in responding to the colour of the ink that the word is written in (BLUE, RED, YELLOW, and GREEN) and (VODKIA, J.DANIELS, GIN, and BEER) rather than word. Part of the instruction was that they must complete each trail as quickly and accurately as possible, as their reaction time would be recorded Results The results of the 2 x 2 ANOVA was used to analyse the data. The effects of word type (alcohol-related words and neutral words) f = (1,168) 140.16, p = (moderate drinkers and light drinkers) f = (1,168) 26.68, p = . Neutral Word Alcohol Word Main Effect of Drinking Type Light 840.00 mean score (34.28) sd 870.52 mean score (28.51) sd 855.26 mean score (31.66) sd Moderate 849.91 mean score (28.86) sd 892.67 mean score (21.26) sd 871.29 mean score (24.73) sd Main Effect of Word Type 845.01 mean score (31.95) sd 881.73 mean score (27.39) sd Discussion For this study the hypotheses do support, in other words significance was found. The literature of the prior studies using the Stroop paradigm with alcohol-related stimuli has a number of fundamental methodological problems. According to Sharma, Albery, and Cook (2001) the first problem identified is that the multitude of different variables that could potentially be manipulated giving a totally different set of results. It therefore becomes apparent that one needs to be very clear on exactly what the variables are and what exactly the researcher wants to achieve. Another problem identified is that of the actual format administered. Again, many issues may arise regarding the way in which the test is formatted. If the format is changed, will the result change along with it? As more development is completed in this area of study on alcohol addiction, the researcher no doubt will see that, the variables and the modes of administration discussed above will have a huge effect on the study. For example, one set of results could construct stronger effects than others, and that the other probable central variables make no difference at all to the outcome. The researcher should also take into account that however, a task is administered to the participants is bound to have both advantages and disadvantages, and can be improved upon. This does not mean that one way is better than the other. It just means that the researcher needs to be aware of this and choose a methodology that best works for them. Choosing the correct methodology in any study therefore can be just as important as the actual study itself. What becomes apparent is that there is no particular way of carrying out a study. Either way studies will carry certain advantages and disadvantages. One particular study related to our discussion was the single-word presentation of the Stroop stimuli. In this case, the stimuli were given in card format. One card had all the needed stimuli for alcohol -related words while the other had neutral words. The time taken by each subject to colour name the words on the first card compared to the second was recorded. In other words, recorded reaction time. This format, although used on many studies, comes with its limitations. Evidence obtained concludes that it is difficult to accurately measure the response time by the individuals and that the process evolved is very time consuming and involves a lot of calculations. In other words this type of format may be seen as being time consuming and tedious for the researcher to carry out. Its not all bad however, the card format can have an advantage in that it ‘produces stronger interference effects (e.g. McNally, Amir and Lipke, 1996; Williams et al., 1996), presumably because it provi des a semantic network of words in a given category (Sharma, et al 2001). In addition, the individuals words recorded in terms of its reaction time are not used with any presentation mode, as each participants reaction times to each category of stimuli are averaged prior to statistical analysis. Other objections to the use of card presented stimuli were that the total time measured included both correct and incorrect responses. Previous research shows that the amount of trials where errors occurred is in fact rare and equivalent for different categories of stimuli. Furthermore, studies by Stetter et al also seem to agree. His study shows that card format stimuli does not allow for the measurement of time-cause of alcohol attentional bias. For instance, with these card presentations one would not know if the strongest bias occurred for alcohol words presented earlier and then the bias attenuated. An attempt to rectify this issue was to assess participants habituation to the stimuli across time. This was achieved by observing how reaction times to the alcohol and neutral stimuli changed during the course of the experiment. In relation to Johnsen et al studies, it was criticized in many aspects such as, the word types not being matched on the frequency. Additionally being assured in using two words alcohol-related words, for example ‘liquor store; ‘red wine. (Sharma, et al 2001).However, Johnsen et al stated clearly that since the studies were carried out in Norway, the words were obviously translated in Norwegian ‘vinmonopol = liquor store, and ‘rodvin = red wine, and as you can see, when translated its single words. Further criticisms were put forward to why the participants were asked to press the key response button; and call out the name of the colour. Sharma et al study contained a number of problems. Firstly, the neutral words were long to a given category (environmental features), which affects the reaction times. Secondly, the number of neutral words being associated closely to the four ink colours (e.g. blue, red, brown, green), also how these colours were closely link ed to the words (e.g. blue sky, green grass). Also concerns were put forward on the manner of design (e.g. low, middle, and high) drinking groups. Lastly, problems occurred with the problem drinkers, who may have resolved their alcohol problems being placed amongst the heavier drinkers. To conclude, there are two opposing thoughts with the methodology used; one that the Stroop paradigm is highly objective, valid and reliable, and the other that some are not worthy of inclusion. Many researchers are continuing to offer theoretical explanations to account for the Stroop paradigm, and still trying to make sense on how it could be adapted to be more advanced in being improved. References Algom, D., Chajut, E., Lev, S. (2004). JourA Rational Look at the Emotional Stroop Phenomenon: A Generic Slowdown, Not a Stroop Effect. nal of Experimental Psychology General. 133 (3), 323-338. Duka, T., Townshend, J. M. (2004). The priming effect of alcohol pre-load on attentional bias to alcohol-related stimuli. Psychopharmacology. 176 (3), 353. Johnsen, B. H., Laberg, J. C., Cox, W. M., Vaksdal, A. (1994). Alcoholic Subjects Attentional Bias in the Processing of Alcohol-Related Words. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors : Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors. 8 (2), 111. Sharma, D., Albery, I., Cook, C. (2001). Selective attentional bias to alcohol related stimuli in problem drinkers and non-problem drinkers. Addiction. 96 (2), 285-295. Sharma, D., Albery, I.P., Cook, C. (2001) .Selective attentional bias to alcohol- related stimuli in problem drinkers and non-problem drinkers, Addiction, 96, 1261-1265. Stetter F, Ackermann K, Scherer E, Schmid H, Straube ER, Mann K. (1994). Distraction resulting from disease related words in alcohol-dependent inpatients: a controlled dichotic listening study. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 244 (4), 223-5. Stetter F, Ackermann K, Bizer A, Straube ER, Mann K. (1995). Effects of disease-related cues in alcoholic inpatients: results of a controlled Alcohol Stroop study. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research. 19 (3), 593-9. Townshend, J. M., Duka, T. (2001). Attentional bias associated with alcohol cues: differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers. Psychopharmacology. 157 (1), 67.

Importance of Time Lapses in Death of a Salesman :: English Literature

Why does Arthur Miller use time lapses in his play â€Å"Death of a Salesman†? What was the playwright trying to tell us about Willy Loman? In this essay I will be exploring and analysing â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. I will be looking the use of flash backs in the play that aim to emphasise that the past is always with us. Looking at the flashbacks will also help understand the character of Willy Loman. The action takes place in Willy Loman’s house and yard also in various places he visits in New York and Boston of 1949. The play was set in post war America. This is after the great Depression, when people had a different point of view and wanted to achieve the â€Å"American Dream†. The American Dream is the longings of people who wanted to develop the country, to amass money and enjoy a comfortable, not to be at the beck and call of the employer. The figure of a salesman was at the cutting edge of the American Dream, a self made person that did not sell his products but his personality. The play shows a series of chronological events which take place during one evening and the next day. At intervals throughout the play we see scenes from Willy’s past enacted on the same stage at the same time. On first impression this would seem more likely to confuse the audience rather than reveal, but Miller had strong reasons for staging the play in this way. It is my belief that playwright tells us the past is not something which is now behind us. The past is always with us informing and influencing our actions. To understand the character of Willy Loman, we must be aware of the emotional burdens he carries with him from the past. To show an example of these recollections I have selected a scene in Act Two. Willy is sitting in a restaurant where he has been invited by the boys, in anticipation of the fact that Biff will be able to secure a loan from Bill Oliver. Willy has just been laid off from his old job, and is hoping that Biff has some good news for him so that Linda can be happy as he knows she has always been loyal to him and made many sacrifices. Willy said â€Å"she has waited and she has suffered†. This shows how loyal and hard working Linda has been to the family, sacrificing to save money. Evidence of this is shown by the stockings that she sits down with and mends so money can be saved.

Russia Essays -- History, Politics, Boris Yeltsin

Russia, an Eastern European country held under Soviet control in the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. However, Soviet control would later on collapse in December 1991, as the nation started transitioning towards democracy. Although Russia would transition from socialist to democratic, it was actually a time of political instability with direct military involvement and public widespread protest. A time in which, President Boris Yeltsin (executive) was in a heated confrontation with the Russian Parliament (legislature formerly formed by the Congress of People’s Deputies and the Supreme Soviet) towards legitimate government authority between executive-legislative relations through amending the provisions of the Constitution. Therefore, it is remembered throughout history as the Constitutional Crisis of 1993 that many political analysts observed the events that took place before the actual crisis to explain, why the nation faced political instability during the pro cess of democratization. It all began to take root on early January of 1992 as Boris Yeltsin, who was faced with â€Å"One of the most urgent challenges†¦for rescuing the sinking Russian economy† (Breslauer 2002: 153), as he took the initiative to put into effect his economic reform to alleviate the economy. Consequently, it caused many industries to go out of business as prices soon began to skyrocket, which caused spending to take a drastic downturn and taxes to escalate further. Soon afterwards Yeltsin’s reform began to be viewed as being too radical which caught Parliament’s attention for his actions being somewhat â€Å"unconstitutional† because â€Å"He was an autocrat who, without regard to formal constraints†¦acted in unpredictable ways to achieve his goals† (Rose... ...ocess of democratization? First, it started when Boris Yeltsin brought in a free market economic reform, but Parliament viewed it being too radical, which influenced their decision to deny the reframing of the constitution. It then led to a series of clashes throughout 1992-1993 as executive-legislative relations struggle for legitimate authority of the nation. Then, it came to a climax as the masses led a widespread protest towards the unstable conditions of the government, which escalated into a merciless conflict. Finally, it came to a resolution with Yelstin’s commanding the army to shoot down the Parliament White House, which led to their inevitable defeat and Yeltsin’s victory. At last, these events explain the political instability within the nation because Yeltsin struggled to transition towards Democracy, while Parliament wanted to retain Soviet values.

The Day of Infamy :: Imagery Terror Terrorism 9/11 Essays

The Day of Infamy Erupting on a crisp September morning, terrorist attacks bring America to a standstill. As the day began, it was an average Tuesday morning and New Yorkers as well as the rest of United States Citizens had no idea that in a matter of moments their city and their lives would be changed forever. People were doing what they had done thousands of times before. Some were on their way to work; while others were sitting at their desks, checking e-mail, sipping coffee or reading the morning paper. Out of the clear blue sky an airplane was hijacked and was heading for the twin tower. People heard an approaching noise and then all of a sudden a loud explosion! The twin towers of the World Trade Center were the symbols of Americas prosperity. Dr. Stefan Pasternack, a clinical professor of Georgetown University who specializes in the impact of terrorism and murder says: Its one thing to think of a truck blowing up in front of a building. This involved the use of civilian aircraft-the imagery is much more frightening. What we see here is what terrorism is all about. The idea is to make people feel that they cannot feel protected by their government (Black Tuesday 20). With World War II being a fight for national survival, terrorism is the struggle to preserve national values and stand for what we, as Americans, believe. As president Bush stated, Terrorists attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America (Black Tuesday 12). The attacks on our nation nearly brought America to a halt. Around the world security was tightened. Air travel stopped, businesses closed and government facilities were evacuated Tuesday morning of September eleventh. For the first time in United States history, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) shut down air traffic nationwide. There were many incoming flights from around the world, carrying anywhere from four thousand to six thousand passengers, that were diverted to Canada. Authoriti es shut down all the tunnels and bridges in and out of New York City. All train services were shut down and many shipping ports were also closed down. The most memorable image of September eleventh was the Twin Towers that were engulfed in smoke and flames. Over and over the Towers flashed across Television screens and on the front pages of newspapers.

Clothes of the future Essay

With this new time and age of technological advancements, the manufacturing of smart clothes has brought about a textile revolution. This involves the integration of electronic components and Nano-technology within fabrics and fibres resulting in the birth of intelligent fabrics possessing specific properties. Smart materials are capable of ‘thinking’ and ‘acting’ by sensing the conditions of the immediate environment. These are sensitive to the wearer’s body conditions (sweating & trembling), temperature requirements & stability and their movements. Classification of Smart Textiles: Passive Smart Textiles- These can only sense the environment conditions or stimuli, and hence are also known as 1st Generation Smart Textiles. Active Smart Textiles-These 2nd Generation Smart Textiles have both sensors and actuators. The actuators act upon the signal or stimuli detected either directly or from a central control unit. They are chameleonic, water resistant, shape memory, vapor absorbing, heat evolving fabrics or electrically heated suits. Ultra Smart Textiles- These are the 3rd Generation very Smart Textiles which can sense, react, and adopt themselves to the environment conditions and stimuli. Applications of Smart Textile can be very interesting to know. The usage of Smart textiles range from protective wear, sports, medical and fashion to clothes having anti stress properties. Functional Textiles† are designed to serve a specific purpose having added features. Therefore, we now have fabrics that protect against U.V Radiation and anti-bacterial products. Fibres designed with moisture management systems help in quick evaporation of sweat & perspiration. Similarly, there are Reflective Textiles used for preparing safety garments. Some interesting examples of such extraordinary Functional Textiles used today are: The jacket that can see: This technology boasts the development of GPSoverIP Jacket which has an inbuilt mobile phone, an mp3 player at the same time containing features for locating people. The person wearing this jacket can be easily located within buildings with its’ inbuilt tracking system that works just like a GPS. The Smart Bra: Developed by Wallace et al at the University of Wollongong, the Smart Bra can change its properties according to the breast movement, i.e. it can tighten, loosen the straps,  stiffen or relax its’ cups to adjust the breast motion, preventing breast pain and sag. This bra is essentially useful for women who are active in sports. Fitness component inside sports underwear: This technology, again is very useful for athletes as it incorporates ‘beat clip’ i.e., a fitness component with a mobile radio connection sewn into sports underwear. It then displays on a mobile phone, the wearers’ fitness conditions such as heart rate signals. Fabric protection against mobile phone radiation: a German engineered fabric using special yarns called ‘eBlocker’ is being incorporated into the inner pockets of jackets, which absorbs almost 100% of radiation emanating from mobile phones without affecting the functioning of the mobile phone in any way. Sensory baby vest: A team of researchers have improvised a special vest for babies .This special vest has sensors attached to it that help in constant monitoring of the baby’s’ vital organs such as heart, lungs ,skin and at the same time detects body temperature. The sensors are attached such that they, in no way, disturb the baby while it is asleep. Light Emitting: Luminex is a new fabric (non reflective) that can emit light. They are optical capable of illuminating themselves in darkened situations. Developing Future U.S. Soldier Uniforms: DuPont in alliance with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) attempts to develop materials that would help equip the U.S. soldier of the future with uniforms and gear that keep them safe them against chemical and biological warfare. Engineers and scientists are working to develop ideas such as a uniform that is almost invisible and soft clothing that can become a rigid cast when a soldier breaks his or her leg. Fibres That Can Change Colour and Shape on Command: Smart fibres can function as conductive â€Å"wires† and react to signals from electricity, heat or pressure. Researchers are experimenting with different fibre profiles – of various shapes — that can be made to contract or expand to loosen and tighten clothing to make the wearer warmer or cooler. For example, conductive fibres could change colour on command from an electric signal that changes the reflective quality of specially dyed fibre/cloth Emitting Scents: The Smart Second Skin Dress – emitting scents depending on your mood and requirements. One such invention is the ‘Sleep Suit’ which gives out the scent of lavender for insomniacs when they wake to calm the wearer and send them back to sleep. One can manage music and mobile phone from a control panel, with backlit digital display, located externally on  your sleeve. Fashion is moving forward†¦and so is technology. As computers keep getting smaller, it enables us to incorporate miniaturised hi-tech components into clothes and shoes. Textile manufacturers have to redefine ‘functionality’ and move beyond the historical focus of protection and appearance and find their way onto the high street renamed as ‘Warp Wear’, ‘Smart Clothes’ and ‘E-textiles’.

Tangible and Intangible Assets

actual and intangible summation Assets Jennifer Geolfos July 19, 2012 ACC291 Mary Larsen Tangible and Intangible Assets Tangible and intangible assets embroil everything listed below essence assets on the balance sheet. Assets lie in of resources a business owns, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 12). Tangible assets would include land, land improvements, buildings, and equipment. These types of asset would be class as fixed assets. Intangible assets atomic number 18 rights, privileges, and competitive advantages that result from the ownership of persistent assets that do non possess physiological substance, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 414). Types of intangible assets include patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, licenses, and goodwill. These assets would be assort as long-lived assets. derogation derogation is the growth of allocating to expense the follow of a plant asset over its utilitarian (service) disembodied spirit in a sane and systemat ic manner, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 02). Depreciable assets include land improvements, buildings, and equipment because the expediency of the asset simplifications over its useful conduct. lays usefulness remains aeonian over its useful life and is not considered a depreciable asset. A depreciable asset excessively can be considered obsolete when it becomes outdated before it physically wears out. Computing depreciation involves terms, useful life, and salvage respect. Cost is the current assets prise. Useful life is the expected productive life of the asset to the owner.Salvage place is the assets measure at the end of the useful life. Depreciation is usually computed using the straight-line method, the declining-balance method, or the units-of-activity method. Straight-line is the closely widely used method in the United States. Under the straight-line method, companies expense an tally hail of depreciation each form of the assets useful life, (Kimmel , Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 441). To record the depreciation on the sale of a depreciable asset, a comp any(prenominal) increases Depreciation Expense, and decreases collect Depreciation.Declining-balance method uses a declining book value figured over periodic depreciation and is also call an accelerated-depreciation method because the set-back years of an assets life produces higher depreciation in equality to straight-line method. The units-of-activity method takes the useful life in position of total production units or expected use of the asset. This method is typically used for factory machinery or preservation equipment in terms of hours used. The total amount of depreciation is the same no social function which depreciation method is used. amortization The process of allocating the equal of intangibles is referred to as amortization, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 414). To record amortization of an intangible asset, a confederacy increases (debits) Amortizatio n Expense, and decreases (credits) the specific intangible asset, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 415). Companies amortize intangible assets over their useful life or legal life, whichever is shorter. This life is never allowed to hand 40 years, (Investing Answers, 2001-2012). The initial cost of any intangible asset is the stand in or cash equivalent worth paid to obtain the asset.The company adds any legal fees, acquisition fees, and registration fees to narrow the amount to be amortized for that asset. This applies to patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, and licenses. Goodwill value is determined by the excess cost over fair market value of the net asset purchased. Acquisition and disposition Acquisition and disposal of tangible assets refers to the purchasing and selling of land, buildings, and equipment. Acquisition requires determining the initial cost to add the asset to the companys financial records.The entry would be an increase (debit) to the asset (E quipment) and a decrease (credit) to cash or increase (credit) to accounts payable. Companies stir of a fixed asset by retirement (scrap or discard), sale, or exchange (trade-in). Book value is determined by deducting the accumulated depreciation to date from the initial cost of the asset. The book value is past eliminated by (1) debiting (decreasing) Accumulated Depreciation for the total depreciation to date, and (2) crediting (decreasing) the asset account for the cost of the asset, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 10). Conclusion Tangible and intangible assets and the tools to get away each type of asset are important to understand for the financial statements. for each one type of asset has its own devices that essential be used to represent the discriminate aspects of the asset. Using these tools will create financial statements that show the assets accurately and factually. References Weygandt, J. J. , Kimmel, P. E. , & Kieso, D. E. (2010). Financial news report (7 th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ John Wiles and Sons. Investing Answers. (2001-2012). Retrieved from http//www. investinganswers. com

Garden City Essay

word of honors foc rehearses on the remove of literary texts, developing students as independent, innovative, and creative learners & thinkers, who appreciate the aesthetic use of run-in, estimate perspectives and evidence and challenge idea and interpretations.Literature explores how literary works shape the perceptions of the sphere and enable us to enter new(prenominal) worlds of imagination.Through lit, we establish and judge views d ane creative response & logical argument. We reflect on the literary texts, appreciate the power of language and inquire into relationships between personal p summon of texts, authors and contexts through exploration of ideas, concepts, attitudes and values.The following enumerates the rationale of the phonograph record, Ang Panitikan at Kulturang Pilipino. preceptTo be able to identify and give in cristald to literature.Identify the distinguishable forms of Filipino Literature.Differentiate the similarities and differences of disparate forms of literature based on elements and its characteristics.Have a deeper understanding on the various forms of Filipino Literature.To be able to diametriciate the different forms and kinds of literature for the enrichment of ones understanding on Filipino culture. fall out importance to the elements and qualities of Filipino Literature through reading. hap importance to the different aspects of life, be it personal, moral, social, relative to the study of literature. This entertain is both a study, a research, and the t from each oneing itself. The basis of the data focuses on the title itself, which points to the Philippine Literature and Culture. Different insights from different authors and culture of the Philippine account were bounded up, c befully and profoundly precise with the remarks of the authors itself are of the most significance as to the book overview. Philippine Culture is a mixture of cultures from different conquerors, whichshaped it to a unique formation of unmingled and heathen distinction throughout the country. Since there are cultural uniqueness and emphasis of the books overall study, it is a very good reference to any individual who would like to pursue the Philippine History.From the passed-d testify ethnic stories and poems to the height of the changes of the Philippine Literature, and of people who use their literary skills to express their different views towards their possess lawfulness and views, this book wrote the wholeness of the culture in measure to the ethnical diversity. As I have observed, the spotlight of the book is mostly the works of the Philippine writers who created their declare thoughtfulnesss and definitely a work of art, which I must(prenominal) say, I read from the main ideas of the stories they included. Divided into ten chapters, from the relation of Literature and History, the Philippine inherited cultures and traditions, house narratives, different sacred beliefs, literal works, Philippi ne History itself and how it affects the cultural changes, to the poems and stories of famous personas of Philippine Literature.In a holistic cultural perspective, the different cultures and traditions, their origin, relationship to each other, uniqueness, and their work of arts greatly shapes the beauty of the Philippine History, Culture and Literature. Despite the difference, the Filipino values are buried deep on every black Maria of every tribe, every belief and every religious view of a Filipino towards the literature. We might line up to different environment or stick to our own traditions, came from different origins or bonded by the same blood, the universeia towards the Filipino literature and culture are of the same. practice session with the passion of knowing the Philippine Literature ordain lead the very significance of the book. I, being a Filipino, would grow up studying and educating myself with the culture, language and standards of other countries abroad, but know a few of mine. desire me, a lot of students suffer from this lack of cultural interest, knowing that I must do a detailed research to feed my mind of the different cultures of my country, and will engulf me to stop engaging more. With this book review, I learned a lot and snarl like I had a cultural pass with the literature. I love how they defined the importance of the literature on the first page of Chapter 1, which by sum I will quote Literature is the face of a persons emotion towardsthe world, the living, the inn and government, and the relationship of the soul to the Creator. (Bro. Azarias, Philosophy of Literature)Literature is expression itself, a very easy approach to its meaning. cardinal thing I learned from this book out of its background study of the Philippine culture is that, whatever I do everyday marks my own literature. It doesnt have any formal requirement in it. Everything that occupies every single corner of the hallucination of the eye, is liter ature itself. And putting it to expression is an art. What you understand is your truth, whether it is non the same for every people, we have our own legal power who separates our own way of understanding our literature and culture. Thus, this book did not only educate me, but gave me a great weapons I can truly be proud of the limit of my imagination, and my pen. the guts to write bravely of what they see around them the pain and the ugliness of the world as well as the beauty and the merriment of it, the triumphs of life as well as its surrenders, mans mean desires as well as the noble ambition that exalt him. (S.P. Lopez)